| C |
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C1S |
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Coated on one side of the paper. |
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C2S |
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Coated on two sides of the paper. |
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Cable Paper |
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A strong paper used to wrap electrical cables. |
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Cadmium Yellow |
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A pigment made from cadmium sulfide and cadmium selenide. |
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Calcium Carbonate |
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A type of loading agent used in papermaking as filler or coating pigment to impart opacity to paper. |
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Calendar Board |
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A high-strength paperboard used for calendars and displays. |
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Calender Finished |
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Paper and paperboard that has been passed through a calendar to improve surface characteristics by application of pressure, friction, and moisture. |
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Calendar Rolls |
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A series of polished cast iron rolls at the end of a paper machine where the paper is passed between the rolls to increase its smoothness and gloss. |
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Calender |
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A on or off the paper machine device for smoothening, glazing, caliper reduction, and caliper leveling of the surface of the paper to improve the finish and reduce the printing roughness of the paper. |
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Calender Barring or Marks |
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Irregularly shaped bands across the paper web caused by damaged calender rolls. |
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Calender Blackening |
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Glazed translucent spots on paper surface caused by excessive calender roll heat, pressure, poor or excessive and uneven moisture level. |
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Calender Crushed |
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Paper that has been crushed in the calendering process. |
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Calender Dyed |
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Paper or paperboard that has been colored or stained at the calender stack. |
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Calender Finish |
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Finish imparted to paper by the calendering process. |
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Calender Marks |
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Marks left on the paper during the calendaring process. Calender blackening and barring are the two most common examples. |
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Calender Sizing |
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Sizing chemicals applied to paper sheet during the calendering process. |
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Calender Stack |
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A series of horizontal cast iron rolls at the end of a paper machine where the paper is passed between the rolls to increase its smoothness and gloss. |
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Calender Vellum Finish |
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Extra smooth vellum on paper surface imparted by calender rolls. |
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Calendered Paper |
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Paper that has been smoothed and polished between a set calender rolls. The effect produced by the calendering process is the result of friction combined with temperature and pressure. |
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Calendering |
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Operation carried out by means of calenders for improving the paper finish by increasing gloss and smoothness. |
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Caliper |
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The thickness of a sheet of paper, expressed as thousands of an inch (points or mils), or in microns. Uniform caliper is needed for good printing and for runnability in converting processes. |
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Canadian Standard Freeness (CSF) |
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The rate at which water drains from a pad of pulp, measured under standard test conditions. |
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Canvas Board |
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A paperboard (used for painting) with a surface of simulated canvas. |
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Capacity |
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In paper industry, the capacity of a machine or mill is usually stated in terms of tons per day or tons per year. |
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Capacity Utilization Rate |
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Indicates the efficiency (%) at which a mill or machine is operates. |
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Carbon Black |
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A pigment made up of elemental carbon and ash. |
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Carbon Paper |
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A grade of tissue paper coated with the mix of oils, dye (pigment), and wax. Paper coated with carbon, which release inks under pressure or impact for making duplicate copies with pen, typewriter, and business machines. |
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Carbonizing Paper |
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Lightweight, uncoated paper made from unbleached chemical and/or mechanical pulps. Its surface is coated with a carbon solvent or wax. |
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Carbonless Paper |
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Paper specially treated to provide copies without the use of interleaved carbon.
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Carbonless Paper Suppliers
Sell Carbonless Paper |
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Card Stock |
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A heavy grammage paper also known as Cover. Used as covers of catalogs, brochures, books or business cards. |
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Cardboard |
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A thick, stiff paper produced by pasting multiple layers of paper together. |
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Carload |
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A quantity of paper shipped from a paper mill in one freight car. |
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Carton |
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A container usually of relatively thin carton or folding board manufactured by carton manufacturers. It is delivered to users in either flat or collapsed form. |
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Cartridge |
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A rough-finish paper used for wrapping. |
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Case |
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The stiff covers of a hardbound book. |
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Case Binding |
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Books bound using hard board (case) covers. |
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Casein |
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A byproduct of milk used as an adhesive in making coated papers. |
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Cases |
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Large corrugated boxes made of board, which are used as containers for packages. Cases are mainly used for transit and storage purposes. |
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Casing In |
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The process of placing a book in its case covers. |
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Cast Coated Paper |
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Coated paper that is pressure dried using a polished roller, which imparts enamel like gloss finish. |
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Cast Paper |
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Paper made by pouring pulp into a specially constructed mold. |
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Causticizing |
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Process in green liquor from sulphate (Kraft) pulping is converted to white liquor, thus allowing the cooking chemicals to be re-used. |
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Cellulose |
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The main constituent of the cell walls of all plants. All plants contain tissue that, when properly processed, will yield cellulose. |
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Cellulose Fibers |
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The fibrous raw material that results from breaking down the wood or plant materials through pulping or bleaching processes. It's the primary ingredient for making paper. |
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Cellulose Wadding |
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Soft crepe paper used in bundles or pads. |
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Chain Lines |
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Lines that appear on laid paper as a result of the wires (forming fabrics) of the papermaking machine. Also known as chain marks. |
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Chain Marks |
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Also called chain lines. Watermarks in paper that resemble impressions of a chain, running parallel to the grain of paper. These lines are normally found in laid papers. |
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Chalking |
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Chalking describes the quality of print on paper when the absorption of the paper is so great that it breaks up the ink image creating loose pigment dust. |
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Chart Paper |
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A smooth paper for chart and map printing, usually printed by offset litho. |
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Chemical Cellulose (Dissolving Pulp) |
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A highly-purified chemical pulp for conversion into chemical derivatives of cellulose and used mainly in the manufacture of viscose staple fiber, solvent spin fiber, and filament. |
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Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) |
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The amount of oxygen consumed in chemical oxidation of matter present in effluent. COD indicates the content of slowly degradable organic matter in the effluent. |
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Chemical Pulp |
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Pulp obtained by cooking wood chips in a chemical solution. Sulphite and sulphate (Kraft) are the two main processes.
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Chemical Pulp Producers
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Chemical Recovery |
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Collection, recovery, and regeneration of cooking chemicals so that they can be used again in the pulping process. |
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Chemi-Thermomechanical Pulp (CTMP) |
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Pulp produced by treating wood chips with chemicals (e.g. sodium sulphite) before mechanical defibration. |
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Chest |
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A storage tank for pulp, furnish, water, or other materials used in papermaking. |
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China Clay |
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A mineral (kaolin) used in papermaking as a filler and coating pigment. It consists of hydrated silicate of alumina. |
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Chip Board |
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An inexpensive and thick one-ply cardboard usually produced from waste paper. It is used for packaging purposes as well as a backing board for notepads etc. |
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Chipper-Canter |
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A machine used at sawmills to produce wood chips. |
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Chipping |
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A process in which horizontally or gravity-fed disc chippers convert the debarked logs into chips for pulping. |
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Chips |
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Wood chips produced by a chipper to produce pulp, fiberboard, and particleboard. |
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Chiri |
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A Japanese term for mulberry bark. Chiri is commonly used to refer to any paper with inclusions of mulberry bark in it. |
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Chlorine |
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Chlorine and its compounds are used in the pulp production process to create whiter, stronger paper. Pulp that is not bleached results in brown paper. |
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Chucks |
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Blocks inserted at the end of core to support a roll of paper on the roll stand. |
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CIE |
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Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage |
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CIE Color Value |
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A set of three color values (CIE or Hunter) used to designate color of paper, especially of white and near-white paper. |
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CIE Whiteness |
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Paper whiteness measured as per the CIE standards. |
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Cigar |
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A small-size cylindrical web defect of pulp or tissue pulling out of the web. |
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Cigarette Paper |
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A lightweight paper used in making cigarette. It is unsized and normally has a filler content of about 30%. |
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Coated Kraft Back Boards, CKB |
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Board consisting of either bleached chemical pulp or a mineral-coated top layer or both used for packaging food and non-food products. |
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Clamp Marks |
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Marks in sheets of paper caused by the clamps, which hold paper in position on a guillotine cutting machine. |
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Clarification |
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Separation of solid components from a solution. |
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Clarifier |
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A basin where sludge is removed from the treated effluent by settling process. There are two main types of clarifiers flotation and sedimentary. |
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Classifier |
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A classifier sorts and separates pulp fibers according to their length. |
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Clay |
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A mineral used as filler in papermaking and as a coating pigment. |
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Clay Coated Boxboard |
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A strong and easily-folded boxboard with clay coating used for making folding boxes. |
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Clear Cutting |
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A method of forest regeneration in which all trees in a given area are felled. |
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Clear-edge Carbon |
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Carbon paper with a narrow strip along the edges to provide a clean margin for gluing and handling. |
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Close Formation |
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Close formation refers to the uniform density in a sheet of paper. |
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Closed-Cycle Mill |
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A concept in which all liquid effluents from a pulp mill are recovered, practically eliminating water pollution by the mill. |
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Closure Mechanism |
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Methods of creating a box shape or sealing a box. |
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Cloth Finish |
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Surface finish produced by pressing the linen cloth against the paper during the manufacturing process. |
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Cloth-Lined Paper |
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Paper combined with cloth, on one or both sides. |
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Cloud Finish |
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An effect obtained when the white pulp is dropped on a web of colored paper. |
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Cloudy Formation |
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Cloudy formation is opposite of close formation and indicates unevenness and lack of uniformity of fiber structure in a sheet of paper. |
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Carboxymethylcellulose |
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A water-soluble cellulose polymer used as a thickening agent in foods and detergents. |
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Coarse Screen |
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Halftone screens used in newsprint. |
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Coat Weight |
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The grammage of a coating layer, expressed in g/m2. |
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Coated |
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Paper and paperboards that have been coated with materials such as clay or pigment and an adhesive. |
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Coated Fine Paper |
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Coated paper made from chemical pulp. Also referred to as coated free sheet. |
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Coated Offset |
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A paper coated on both sides with high resistance to picking. It's suitable for offset printing. |
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Coated Paper |
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Paper that has been coated with pigment and binder with a coat weight of 7.5 g/m2 or higher. Coated papers have a higher opacity and better ink holdout than uncoated papers.
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Coated Paper Manufacturers
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Sell Coated Paper |
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Coated Seconds |
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Paper or paperboard inferior to desired quality, but still suitable for other usage. Coated seconds are usually sold at lower prices. |
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Coaters |
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Coaters are used to apply coatings to paper after the paper sheet has been formed and dried. |
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Coating Color Kitchen |
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Department in a paper mill where coating color is prepared and mixed. |
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Coating Lump |
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A piece of dried coating redeposited onto the web of paper. |
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Coating Mottle |
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Variation in gloss of a coated calender sheet. A good-coated sheet has relatively uniform gloss after calendering. |
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Coating Pick |
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The process of lifting or removal of coating particles from the base sheet during calendering or printing. |
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Coating Piling |
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Piling caused by loose particles separating from a coated sheet of paper. |
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Coating Pits |
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Coating pits refer to the microscopic holes in the coating air bubbles. |
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Coating Skip |
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Irregularly shaped areas on a sheet of paper where the coating layer is absent. |
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Coating Splash |
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Spots of excess coating on a coated sheet of paper. |
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Cockle |
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A rippling effect in paper caused by drying at a lower tension. It can be created as a desired effect or can be an unwanted result of improper drying. |
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Cockle (Crinkle) |
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Formation of ripples on a sheet of paper caused by uneven moisture or tension during the drying process. |