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F |
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F&G |
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A term in the binding process referring to folding and gathering. |
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Fabric Press |
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Fabric press uses absorbent felt to absorb moisture from the sheet in combination with nips that squeeze the water out. The felt must be squeezed dry again before it picks up a new section of sheet. |
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Facsimile Master |
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Material consisting of solid or fluid carbon combined with master paper for heat or transfer posting machines. |
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Fan Fold |
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Paper folding that looks like an accordion or fan, the folds being alternating and parallel. |
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Fanning |
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Momentary separation of the press sheets by hand riffling so that fresh air is allowed to sweep over the surface of each sheet. |
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Fast Color |
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Color that is not affected by light, acids, alkalis or other external stimulus. |
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FBB |
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Folding Boxboard - a multi-layer coated board with an outer layer of Kraft pulp and the middle layer of mechanical pulp. It is used primarily for consumer cartons for packaging of dry and moist foods, cigarettes and other consumer products. Also used in the graphic industry for catalogue covers, postcards and folders, etc. |
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Feather Edge |
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Edging similar to a deckle edge, a thin rough edge on carbon paper. |
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Feathering |
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The tendency of ink to spread along the paper fibers so that the image produced does not have sharp, clean edges. |
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Featherweight |
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A term indicating extreme lightness in proportion to bulk. Also used to identify lightweight book papers and thin opaque writing papers; airmail papers. |
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Featherweight Book Paper |
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Paper for novels, where good bulk is required for a precise number of pages. |
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Feed Rollers |
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Rubber wheels that hold the sheet of paper in position and move it from the feed pile to the grippers. |
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Feeder |
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The section of a press, which separates the sheets and feeds them into position for printing. |
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Feel |
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A term expressing an individual's impression of a paper's finish. |
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Felt |
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A woven and endless conveyor belt that receives papers from the Fourdrinier wire and delivers it to the drier. It is traditionally made of wool but frequently of a combination of two or more of the fibers like wool, cotton, and synthetic fibers. |
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Felt and Wire Sides |
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Refers to the top and bottom surfaces, respectively, of paper made on conventional Fourdrinier paper machines. |
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Felt Finish |
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Surface characteristics of paper achieved by using woven wool or synthetic felts with distinctive patterns to create a similar texture in the finish sheets. |
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Felt Mark |
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A mark or pattern on paper or paperboard produced by press or drier felt. The mark may be wanted or unwanted and special effects can be introduced in this way. |
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Felt Side |
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The top side of the paper, usually recommended for best printing results. The top side of felt is preferred for printing because it contains more filler. |
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Felts |
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A material woven from either cotton or wool with a raised surface, which supports the wet sheet of paper during pressing. |
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Fermentation |
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An old method of preparing rags for the beater. In this method, piles of wet rags were allowed to heat up and rot before they were used for papermaking. |
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Festoon Drying |
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Drying of paper by festooning it on poles. |
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Fiber |
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The slender, thread-like cellulose structures that form a sheet of paper. Fibers used in papermaking come primarily from wood and recovered paper. Cotton is also used to make certain products. |
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Fiber Loss |
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Unwanted loss of fibers in pulp and paper processing. |
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Fiber Orientation |
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Refers to the alignment of fibers in a paper sheet. |
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Fiberboard |
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A type of board made from defibrated wood chips on wet-lap forming machine. Fiberboard is used as a building board. |
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Fiberline |
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The machines and process systems involved in converting wood chips into pulp. A typical fiberline steps can include cooking, washing, screening, knot separation, refining, and bleaching. |
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Fibrillation |
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A structural change occurring in the walls of chemical pulp fibers during beating. Fibrillation refers to loosening the fibrillae during the mechanical process of beating the fibers in preparation for papermaking. |
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Fill |
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The maximum width of paper that can be made on a given paper machine. |
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Filled Bristol |
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A board made on a cylinder machine. The middle layer of filled bristols is of different fiber than the outside layers. |
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Filler |
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Non-oxidizing clays or minerals added to the pulp to improve paper properties such as opacity and smoothness. Addition of fillers reduces the cost too as fillers are less expensive than fibers. |
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Filler Content |
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Ratio of material originating from filler and coating chemicals to original mass of pulp. |
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Filling |
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The practice of adding minerals to the pulp furnish in the beater that increases printability and other desirable characteristics of the paper. Also known as loading. |
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Filling In |
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A fault in printing where the ink fills in the fine line or halftone dot areas. |
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Film |
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Film Coat |
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Any thinly coated paper stock. Also known as wash coat. |
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Film Coating |
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A light film pigmented coating is applied to the paper at the size press of the paper machine to improve the smoothness of uncoated book grades. |
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Filter Paper |
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Unsized paper made from chemical pulp. Filtration rate and selectivity are the important requirements for a good performance of filter papers. |
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Fine Merchant, Fine Paper Distributor |
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A paper distribution company sells and distributions fine printing papers only. |
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Fine Paper |
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Paper usually produced from bleached chemical pulp for printing and writing purposes. Fine papers usually contain less than 10% mechanical pulp. |
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Fines |
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Small fragments of fibers produced generally produced during the refining process. |
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Finish |
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Finish refers to the surface characteristics of paper. A high finish refers to a smooth surface. A low finish refers to a relatively rough and toothy surface. |
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Finishing |
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Processes that occur after the papermaking operations and prior to the shipment of paper from the mill. These processes include supercalendering, slitting, rewinding, trimming, sorting, etc., |
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Finishing Broke |
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Discarded paper resulting from finishing operation such as trimming etc. |
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Fish Eye |
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Round, transparent spots on the surface of coated paper or paperboard. |
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Flag |
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A paper strip protruding from a roll or skid of paper. May be used to mark a splice in a roll of paper. |
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Flame Resistant Paper |
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Flame resistant papers are non-flammable and to a certain extent incombustible too. |
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Flaps |
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The closing members of a fiberboard box. |
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Flat |
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The assemblage of negatives and positives, which are used as a composite image to create the printing plate. |
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Flat Form |
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A completed box, which has not been erected. This is a conventional method of delivering boxes to end users. |